Igor Kvasić, Vladimir Slošić, Luka Mandić, Juraj Obradović, Kristijan Krčmar, Matko Batoš
As we all gladly witness the revival of fieldwork activities and international visits, no one could be more elated with the results they bring than marine roboticists. These activities allow us to gain practical experience, conduct experiments, and apply our theoretical knowledge in real-world scenarios but also share results with a broader audience. The IEEE OES University of Zagreb Student Branch Chapter (UNIZG SBC) has undergone a generational change of leadership and remained highly active during the last quarter. As we proudly announced, this February our four years student chapter chair, Anja Babić, successfully defended her PhD thesis titled „A hyper-heuristic approach to achieving long-term autonomy in a heterogeneous swarm of marine robots“. Her student days may be over, but we are confident that she will continue to make significant contributions to her field as she did leading our student chapter.
With a commitment to the advancement of oceanic engineering and science, the chapter organized a diverse range of activities encompassing technical workshops, guest lectures, field trips, and social events. February was particularly busy with many national and international expert professors visits we hosted at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing in Zagreb, but also field work and outgoing visits to world leading winter schools some of our members have attended. Many of our student chapter members participate in the finals of the prestigious Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC), which in this edition includes a maritime grand challenge where they can demonstrate their expertise. The application of autonomous robotic technology is going to be showcased using the autonomous unmanned catamaran given to all finalist participants. As every year, our members happily took part in the Croatian Festival of Science and presented their most recent research results. Finally, after four long years we could finally visit our partner institution in New Zealand and resume in person field trials on an exciting underwater human-robot interaction project. More about that and much more in the rest of the article.
Catamaran for the MBZIRC competition arrival to Rijeka
FER-UNIZG is one of the 5 teams participating in the final phase of the MBZIRC competition. The competition includes the usage of the 8 meter long catamaran, which arrived at the test area in Rijeka in early March, 2023.
For the safe initial deployment and SAT (Site Acceptance Test) test four of our members spent the week from March 7th to 11th. March in Rijeka. There, the first initial assembly of the catamaran was conducted, and dry tests which included tests of all subsystems were conducted by our team members. For the help in the process of conducting SAT tests two employers of the company that produces the catamaran were present on the site. This allowed us to share knowledge and discuss different common interest topics related to ASV navigation, guidance, and control. After basic dry tests were conducted the catamaran was deployed in water and we could test all subsystems of the catamaran in a real environment. Catamaran tests included localization using IMU and GPS tests, manual control tests, and simple path-following tests.
New Zealand field trials
As part of the ROADMAP project, our members Vladimir Slošić and Luka Mandić visited project partners at the Bioengineering Institute in Auckland, New Zealand for field trials. The trials primarily focused on data collection for precise underwater localization, while monitoring diver vital signs. Divers, equipped with the underwater drone in their hands, were monitored using various sensors while swimming in common diving patterns underwater. Data collected from three divers will be used to correlate the swimming patterns to the diver’s movement to achieve better swimming models of the human body. The experiments were conducted in the controlled environment in the public pool area and on the southern shore of Lake Pupuke.
UNWIS event at Padova
From the 30th of January to the 3rd of February 2023, our student chapter vice chair Vladimir Slošić participated in Winter School on Underwater Network simulations at the Department of Information Engineering at the University of Padova, organized by assistant professor Filippo Campagnaro and full professor Michele Zorzi. During the winter school, participants were introduced to DESERT – Underwater Framework for underwater network communication simulations developed at the Department of Information Engineering at the University of Padova. Presenters have shown how DESERT was developed, what are the main parts and logic behind protocol structure and protocol itself. Participants also learned how to integrate the DESERT on the real EvoLogics modems and how to use it for the emulation and analysis of the network.
Krk LNG inspections using ROV
On 1st of February 2023, our lab member Kristijan Krčmar went filming the underwater LNG pipeline between the island of Krk and the mainland with the BluEye ROV.
The gas pipeline consists of a steel pipe and a concrete casing that protects the pipe from corrosion and external influences. Since the pipe stretches for 700 meters, the pipeline was recorded 4 times, two times in both directions from different sides of the pipe. The main section of the pipeline is at a depth of 50 meters where fine sediment in the water reflected the light beam and slowed down the recording.
Altogether, we had very good weather and calm sea and we enjoyed working on this project. We are looking forward to any new task where we can utilize our ASV to solve problems that would otherwise require unnecessary deep dives from divers.
Festival of science in Zagreb
The Festival of Science is the most important and comprehensive manifestation of the popularization of science in Croatia, which is celebrated in educational, cultural, and scientific institutions in Zagreb, Rijeka, Osijek, Split, Zadar, Pula, Dubrovnik, and numerous other cities throughout Croatia. Series of events of various contents: lectures, screenings, demonstrations of experiments, workshops, forums, performances, etc., intended to popularize science, primarily among youth, but also other target groups. In this way, young people are encouraged to continue their education at technical faculties and faculties of natural sciences. Attendees of the program are mostly youth, primary and high school students, and college students, while some programs are also intended for preschoolers. Interest in the event is also shown by other generations and visitor profiles.
In Zagreb, most of the programs traditionally take place in the Technical Museum Nikola Tesla, where alongside 300 other participants, LABUST team members also took part on April 28th, 2023. The official theme of this year’s Festival was Nature and Society. Nature and society are especially intertwined in ecology and matters of nature protection. As part of our program, a platform was set up at the pool in our laboratory, which was monitored by cameras and operated with a joystick in real-time. Interesting and stimulating challenges were presented, which are part of everyday life in underwater systems and technologies, as something that everyone can understand and master.
Expert visits at LABUST
On February 13th, 2023, LABUST in Zagreb hosted dr.sc. Neven Cukrov of the Institute Ruđer Bošković in Zagreb. As part of his expert visit, Neven participated in extensive brainstorming and experiment design related to the SOUND project, leveraging his expertise and connections to plan field trials and provide access to relevant deployment spots in fisheries across the Adriatic. Neven also participated in discussions of potential future projects related to marine noise pollution.
From February 13th to 16th, 2023, LABUST in Zagreb hosted Liav Nagar and Alik Chebotar from the University of Haifa, Underwater Acoustic & Navigation Lab. Liav and Alik participated in extensive planning and conceptualizing of both hardware and software systems related to the SOUND project.
From February 15th to 17th, 2023, LABUST in Zagreb hosted prof. Nuno Alexandre Cruz of the University of Porto, Portugal. As part of his expert visit, he gave a lecture titled “Science-based Innovation in Marine Robotics” at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing. Prof. Cruz then participated in several days of invaluable planning, brainstorming, and know-how exchange with UWIN-LABUST researchers
As part of the UWIN-LABUST project, the Laboratory for Underwater Systems and Technologies in collaboration with the IEEE Croatia Section – Robotics and Automation Chapter and IEEE OES University of Zagreb Student Branch Chapter on the February 15th, Prof. Roee Diamant, Dept. of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa, Israel held the lecture on topic “How to explore the world of marine fauna using underwater acoustic signal processing”.
Suleman Mazhar has been working as a professor in Information & Communication Engineering at Harbin Engineering University (China) since July 2019. He did PhD from Tokyo University (Japan) and postdoctorate from Georgetown University (Washington DC, USA). He had BS-CS from FAST-NUCES (Lahore) and MS from GIK Institute (Pakistan). He is TYSP young scientist fellow (Ministry of Science & Technology China) and have won several research grants from international organizations such as DAAD (Germany), ICIMOD (Nepal), NRPU (Higher Education Commission Pakistan), WWF (Worldwide Fund for Nature) Pakistan. His research focus is deep learning and signal processing applications for environmental monitoring, with particular focus on underwater acoustics, and marine mammal conservation. He is a reviewer for professional journals such as Journal of Acoustical Society (America), IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Sensors Journal, Applied Acoustics, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.
Peng Ren is a full professor with the College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China). He is the director of Qingdao International Research Center for Intelligent Forecast and Detection of Oceanic Catastrophes. He received the K. M. Scott Prize from the University of York, the Natural Science award (first rank) from China Institute of Electronics, and the Eduardo Caianiello Best Student Paper Award from 18th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing as one co-author. He has served as an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.
Mohd Rizal Arshad is a full professor at the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia, where he specializes in ocean robotics technology and intelligent system. He received his B.Eng. in Medical Electronics & Instrumentation and PhD in Electronic Engineering from University of Liverpool, UK in 1994 and 1999, respectively. He completed his MSc. in Electronic Control Engineering from the University of Salford, UK in Dec 1995. He has supervised many postgraduate students and published extensively in local and international publications. He is a senior member of the IEEE, and was awarded IEEE OES Presidential Award in 2019.
Itzik Klein is an Assistant Professor, heading the Autonomous Navigation and Sensor Fusion Lab, at the Charney School of Marine Sciences, Hatter Department of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa. He is an IEEE Senior Member and a member of the IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation (J-ISPIN) Editorial Board. Prior to joining the University of Haifa, he worked at leading companies in Israel on navigation topics for more than 15 years. He has a wide range of experience in navigation systems and sensor fusion from both industry and academic perspectives. His research interests lie in the intersection of artificial intelligence with inertial sensing, sensor fusion, and autonomous underwater vehicles.
John R. Potter (IEEE M’94, SM’02, F’18) graduated in the previous century with a joint honours Mathematics and Physics Degree from Bristol and a PhD. in Glaciology and Oceanography from Cambridge, UK studying Antarctic ice mass balance, where he spent four consecutive summers. This work helped underscore the non-linear fragility of polar ice to climate change and led to him receiving the Polar Medal from Queen Elizabeth II in 1988.
Nick is a Visiting Fellow at the UK National Oceanographic Center, Southampton His nomination was endorsed by the Underwater Acoustics Technology Committee. He had worked as a Research Associate and Lecturer at University of Birmingham and has been working as a Research Scientist at the Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin. He has also served as a Program Officer at the Office of Naval Research Global. He is a senior member of IEEE (OES) and a Fellow of Acoustical Society of America (ASA). Nick has also been serving as Assoc. Editor for IEEE JoE and JASA. He is widely acknowledged for his expertise are seabed acoustics, parametric array modeling, sonar beamformer, underwater signal processing.
Maurizio Migliaccio (M’91-SM’00-F’17) is Full professor of Electromagnetics at Università di Napoli Parthenope (Italy) and was Affiliated Full Professor at NOVA Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL (USA). He has been teaching Microwave Remote Sensing since 1994. He was visiting scientist at Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fur Lüft und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. He was member of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) scientific committee. He was member of the ASI CosmoSkyMed second generation panel. He was e-geos AdCom member. He was Italian delegate of the ESA PB-EO board. He was Member of South Africa Expert Review Panel for Space Exploration. He serves as reviewer for the UE, Italian Research Ministry (MIUR), NCST, Kazakhstan and Hong Kong Research board. He lectured in USA, Canada, Brazil, China, Hong Kong, Germany, Spain, Czech Republic, Switzerland and Italy. He was Italian delegate at UE COST SMOS Mode Action. He is listed in the Italian Top Scientists. He is an IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing AE, International Journal of Remote Sensing AE, and was IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering AE Special Issue on Radar for Marine and Maritime Remote Sensing, IEEE JSTARS AE of the Special Issue on CosmoSKyMed, Member of the Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics Editorial board. His main current scientific interests cover SAR sea oil slick and man-made target monitoring, remote sensing for marine and coastal applications, remote sensing for agriculture monitoring, polarimetry, inverse problems for resolution enhancement, reverberating chambers. He published about 160 peer-reviewed journal papers on remote sensing and applied electromagnetics.
He has developed various types of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) and related application technologies including navigation methods, a new sensing method using a chemical sensor, precise seafloor mapping methods, a precise seabed positioning system with a resolution of a few centimeters, a new sensing system of the thickness of cobalt-rich crust; and more. He has shown, by using these technologies that AUVs are practicable and valuable tools for deep-sea exploration.
Donna Kocak has had an outstanding career in defense and scientific projects developing and applying solutions in subsea optics, imaging and robotics. She graduated with an M.Sc in Computer Science in 1997 from the University of Central Florida; an MBA in 2008 from the University of Florida; and M.Sc in Industrial Engineering in 2011 from the University of Central Florida. She is currently a Senior Scientist, Advanced Concepts Engineering, and Fellow at the Harris Corporation in Melbourne, Florida, where she has developed novel optical imaging and communication solutions for under-sea defense and scientific projects. Prior to 2008 Donna Kocak was Founder and President of Green Sky Imaging, LLC (GSI) who developed laser/video photogrammetry software for underwater inspection and survey. Her earlier career positions were with Naval Training Systems Center, Florida; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Florida; eMerge Interactive; and the Advanced Technologies Group in Florida.
John Potter has a Joint Honours degree in Mathematics and Physics from Bristol University in the UK and a PhD in Glaciology and Oceanography from the University of Cambridge on research in the Antarctic, for which he was awarded the Polar Medal in 1988. John has worked on polar oceanography, underwater acoustics, ambient noise (including imaging), marine mammals, communications, IoUT, autonomous vehicles and strategic development. He has 40 years’ international experience working at the British Antarctic Survey in the UK, NATO in Italy, SIO in California, NUS in Singapore and most recently at NTNU in Norway. John is a Fellow of the IEEE and MTS, an Associate Editor for the IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, IEEE OES Distinguished Lecturer, PADI Master Scuba Diver Trainer & an International Fellow of the Explorer’s Club.
Dr. James V. Candy is the Chief Scientist for Engineering and former Director of the Center for Advanced Signal & Image Sciences at the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Dr. Candy received a commission in the USAF in 1967 and was a Systems Engineer/Test Director from 1967 to 1971. He has been a Researcher at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory since 1976 holding various positions including that of Project Engineer for Signal Processing and Thrust Area Leader for Signal and Control Engineering. Educationally, he received his B.S.E.E. degree from the University of Cincinnati and his M.S.E. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Florida, Gainesville. He is a registered Control System Engineer in the state of California. He has been an Adjunct Professor at San Francisco State University, University of Santa Clara, and UC Berkeley, Extension teaching graduate courses in signal and image processing. He is an Adjunct Full-Professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Dr. Candy is a Fellow of the IEEE and a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA) and elected as a Life Member (Fellow) at the University of Cambridge (Clare Hall College). He is a member of Eta Kappa Nu and Phi Kappa Phi honorary societies. He was elected as a Distinguished Alumnus by the University of Cincinnati. Dr. Candy received the IEEE Distinguished Technical Achievement Award for the “development of model-based signal processing in ocean acoustics.” Dr. Candy was selected as a IEEE Distinguished Lecturer for oceanic signal processing as well as presenting an IEEE tutorial on advanced signal processing available through their video website courses. He was nominated for the prestigious Edward Teller Fellowship at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Dr. Candy was awarded the Interdisciplinary Helmholtz-Rayleigh Silver Medal in Signal Processing/Underwater Acoustics by the Acoustical Society of America for his technical contributions. He has published over 225 journal articles, book chapters, and technical reports as well as written three texts in signal processing, “Signal Processing: the Model-Based Approach,” (McGraw-Hill, 1986), “Signal Processing: the Modern Approach,” (McGraw-Hill, 1988), “Model-Based Signal Processing,” (Wiley/IEEE Press, 2006) and “Bayesian Signal Processing: Classical, Modern and Particle Filtering” (Wiley/IEEE Press, 2009). He was the General Chairman of the inaugural 2006 IEEE Nonlinear Statistical Signal Processing Workshop held at the Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge. He has presented a variety of short courses and tutorials sponsored by the IEEE and ASA in Applied Signal Processing, Spectral Estimation, Advanced Digital Signal Processing, Applied Model-Based Signal Processing, Applied Acoustical Signal Processing, Model-Based Ocean Acoustic Signal Processing and Bayesian Signal Processing for IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society/ASA. He has also presented short courses in Applied Model-Based Signal Processing for the SPIE Optical Society. He is currently the IEEE Chair of the Technical Committee on “Sonar Signal and Image Processing” and was the Chair of the ASA Technical Committee on “Signal Processing in Acoustics” as well as being an Associate Editor for Signal Processing of ASA (on-line JASAXL). He was recently nominated for the Vice Presidency of the ASA and elected as a member of the Administrative Committee of IEEE OES. His research interests include Bayesian estimation, identification, spatial estimation, signal and image processing, array signal processing, nonlinear signal processing, tomography, sonar/radar processing and biomedical applications.
Kenneth Foote is a Senior Scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from The George Washington University in 1968, and a Ph.D. in Physics from Brown University in 1973. He was an engineer at Raytheon Company, 1968-1974; postdoctoral scholar at Loughborough University of Technology, 1974-1975; research fellow and substitute lecturer at the University of Bergen, 1975-1981. He began working at the Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, in 1979; joined the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 1999. His general area of expertise is in underwater sound scattering, with applications to the quantification of fish, other aquatic organisms, and physical scatterers in the water column and on the seafloor. In developing and transitioning acoustic methods and instruments to operations at sea, he has worked from 77°N to 55°S.
René Garello, professor at Télécom Bretagne, Fellow IEEE, co-leader of the TOMS (Traitements, Observations et Méthodes Statistiques) research team, in Pôle CID of the UMR CNRS 3192 Lab-STICC.
Professor Mal Heron is Adjunct Professor in the Marine Geophysical Laboratory at James Cook University in Townsville, Australia, and is CEO of Portmap Remote Ocean Sensing Pty Ltd. His PhD work in Auckland, New Zealand, was on radio-wave probing of the ionosphere, and that is reflected in his early ionospheric papers. He changed research fields to the scattering of HF radio waves from the ocean surface during the 1980s. Through the 1990s his research has broadened into oceanographic phenomena which can be studied by remote sensing, including HF radar and salinity mapping from airborne microwave radiometers . Throughout, there have been one-off papers where he has been involved in solving a problem in a cognate area like medical physics, and paleobiogeography. Occasionally, he has diverted into side-tracks like a burst of papers on the effect of bushfires on radio communications. His present project of the Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN) is about the development of new processing methods and applications of HF radar data to address oceanography problems. He is currently promoting the use of high resolution VHF ocean radars, based on the PortMap high resolution radar.
Hanu Singh graduated B.S. ECE and Computer Science (1989) from George Mason University and Ph.D. (1995) from MIT/Woods Hole.He led the development and commercialization of the Seabed AUV, nine of which are in operation at other universities and government laboratories around the world. He was technical lead for development and operations for Polar AUVs (Jaguar and Puma) and towed vehicles(Camper and Seasled), and the development and commercialization of the Jetyak ASVs, 18 of which are currently in use. He was involved in the development of UAS for polar and oceanographic applications, and high resolution multi-sensor acoustic and optical mapping with underwater vehicles on over 55 oceanographic cruises in support of physical oceanography, marine archaeology, biology, fisheries, coral reef studies, geology and geophysics and sea-ice studies. He is an accomplished Research Student advisor and has made strong collaborations across the US (including at MIT, SIO, Stanford, Columbia LDEO) and internationally including in the UK, Australia, Canada, Korea, Taiwan, China, Japan, India, Sweden and Norway. Hanu Singh is currently Chair of the IEEE Ocean Engineering Technology Committee on Autonomous Marine Systems with responsibilities that include organizing the biennial IEEE AUV Conference, 2008 onwards. Associate Editor, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 2007-2011. Associate editor, Journal of Field Robotics 2012 onwards.
Milica Stojanovic graduated from the University of Belgrade, Serbia, in 1988, and received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Northeastern University in Boston, in 1991 and 1993. She was a Principal Scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and in 2008 joined Northeastern University, where she is currently a Professor of electrical and computer engineering. She is also a Guest Investigator at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Milica’s research interests include digital communications theory, statistical signal processing and wireless networks, and their applications to underwater acoustic systems. She has made pioneering contributions to underwater acoustic communications, and her work has been widely cited. She is a Fellow of the IEEE, and serves as an Associate Editor for its Journal of Oceanic Engineering (and in the past for Transactions on Signal Processing and Transactions on Vehicular Technology). She also serves on the Advisory Board of the IEEE Communication Letters, and chairs the IEEE Ocean Engineering Society’s Technical Committee for Underwater Communication, Navigation and Positioning. Milica is the recipient of the 2015 IEEE/OES Distinguished Technical Achievement Award.
Dr. Paul C. Hines was born and raised in Glace Bay, Cape Breton. From 1977-1981 he attended Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, graduating with a B.Sc. (Hon) in Engineering-Physics.